射孔枪未起爆原因分析及处理措施-《油气井测试》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Cause analysis and treatment for failure perforation of perforating gun

作者:: 郭振杰1; 2; 张晓1; 2; 赵宇光1; 2; 1.中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限责任公司测试公司北京 100101
2.中油测井技术服务有限责任公司北京 100101

Author(s):: GUO Zhenjie1; 2; ZHANG Xiao1; 2; ZHAO Yuguang1; 2; 1.Test company of CNPC Great Wall Drilling Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing 100101, China
2.China National Logging Corporation, Beijing 100101, China

Keywords:: perforation and test combination; APR+TCP; mechanical safety ignition head;

hydrostatic column pressure; killing fluid; swabbing ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

摘要:: X井是某油田的一口生产井，采用APR射孔-测试联作工艺进行试油时，应用了OWEN低压机械安全点火头，一开井进行投棒射孔操作，在地面

没有感到射孔产生的震动，显示头也无气泡显示，一关井3 h后二开抽汲，地层无流体产出，判断射孔枪未起爆。根据机械安全点火头工作原理及所进行的操作，判断

已投棒解锁，但撞针未能下行撞击起爆器。采取向油管内增压的措施后成功射孔，发射率100%，但未能实现负压测试。通过点火头外观观察及压力历史数据分析，判断

射孔枪未能起爆的主要原因是压井泥浆性能较差，泥砂和重晶石粉沉积在点火头处，撞针无法在设计的油管内静液柱压力下完成下行动作。该分析结果可对类似井筒环

境的射孔作业提供借签。

Abstract:: Well x is a production well in an oil field. In oil production test with the

combination of APR test and perforation, Owen lowpressure mechanical safety ignition head is used. After the first openwell for rod casting

and perforating operation, there is no vibration caused by perforating on the ground, and there is no bubble display on the display head. After

the first shutin for 3 hours and the second openwell for swabbing, there is no fluid production in the formation, so it is judged that the

perforating gun does not detonate. According to the working principle and operation of the mechanical safety ignition head, it is judged that the

rod has been thrown and unlocked, but the striker fails to impact the initiator downward. After the pressurizing in the tubing, the perforating

was successful, the emissivity was 100%, but the negative pressure test could not be realized. According to the appearance observation of the

ignition head and the analysis of the pressure history data, the main reason why the perforating gun failed to detonate is that the killing mud

performance is poor, the mud sand and barite powder are deposited at the ignition head, and the striker cannot complete the downward movement

under the hydrostatic column pressure in the designed tubing. The result of this analysis can shed light on perforating operation in similar

wellbore environment.